Domestic and international reactions to the death of Ali Khamenei on Esfand 10, 1404

On the morning of Sunday, March 1, 2026, a piece of news emerged that quickly became one of the most dramatic moments in modern Iranian history. Iranian state media officially announced that Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei had been killed following a joint US–Israeli airstrike. According to reports, he had been targeted the previous day, on February 28, at the leadership compound in Tehran. State television broadcast the announcement around five in the morning. Regular programming was interrupted, Quran recitations were aired, and news presenters appeared visibly emotional while delivering the announcement. The government immediately declared forty days of national mourning and announced a week of nationwide closures. Inside Iran, the reaction was deeply divided. Government officials and institutions strongly condemned the attack and described it as a direct assault on the country’s sovereignty. President Masoud Pezeshkian called the incident a “major crime” and stated that it would not go unanswered. Former presidents Mohammad Khatami and Hassan Rouhani also issued condolence messages, referring to Khamenei’s role within the political system. In the days following the announcement, a temporary leadership arrangement was formed to manage the transition. Shortly afterward, Mojtaba Khamenei was introduced as the new leader. His first message was delivered in written form rather than a televised speech and emphasized continued resistance and retaliation against the attacks. Among the general population, however, reactions were far from uniform. In many cities, particularly in areas that had seen strong anti-government protests in recent years, groups of people came out into the streets celebrating the news. Reports from cities such as Isfahan, Karaj, Kermanshah, Sanandaj and Shiraz described people honking car horns, setting off fireworks, dancing in public spaces, and tearing down banners and portraits of the former leader. Videos of these scenes circulated widely on social media despite ongoing internet restrictions. In some areas, security forces reportedly fired warning shots to disperse gatherings. At the same time, supporters of the government organized mourning gatherings in several cities, including Mashhad, Tehran and Yasuj. Participants held large portraits of Khamenei, chanted slogans calling for revenge, and raised red flags symbolizing martyrdom and retaliation. Thousands of people attended these events, which were heavily covered by state media. Overall, Iranian society appeared deeply polarized. For many critics of the government, the news represented the end of a long political era. For supporters of the system, it was seen as a tragic loss and a reason to intensify resistance against foreign adversaries. International reactions were equally varied. Some Western leaders described the event as a turning point in the history of the Islamic Republic, while others warned about the risks of instability and escalation. US President Donald Trump was among the first to react publicly. He described Khamenei as one of the most dangerous figures of the modern era and suggested that the event might open the door to a different future for the Iranian people. In Israel, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu stated that a leader who had long called for Israel’s destruction was no longer in power. Some European politicians described the development as a possible opportunity for political change in Iran, while others expressed concern about the consequences. Russia and several countries aligned with Iran condemned the strike and described it as a violation of international law. In parts of South Asia and the Middle East, protests were held condemning the attack, particularly among Shiite communities. Among the Iranian diaspora, the reaction was also visible. In cities such as Los Angeles, London and Toronto, groups of Iranians gathered with historical Iranian flags and celebrated what they saw as the beginning of a new chapter for the country. Several opposition figures issued statements describing the moment as the end of a political era. At the same time, many governments and analysts expressed concern about the potential consequences of the event. Key questions included the possibility of a power vacuum inside Iran, the expansion of the regional conflict, and uncertainty about the country’s political future. Overall, the announcement of Ali Khamenei’s death on March 1, 2026 triggered a complex wave of reactions both inside and outside Iran. Within the country, official mourning contrasted with public celebrations in some areas. Internationally, the event was met with both praise and condemnation. It quickly became one of the most consequential moments in recent Iranian history and opened a new phase of debate about Iran’s future and the ongoing war in the region.