The Conquest of Tehran on Mordad 25, 1288 (Constitutional Revolution) marks the day when constitutionalist forces entered Tehran after advancing from the north and south of Iran, taking control of the city. This event was a turning point in modern Iranian history and led to the downfall of Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar’s rule. The constitutionalist forces, mainly from Tabriz, Gilan, and Bakhtiari regions, succeeded in capturing the capital after several weeks of fighting and siege. During the operation, casualties and injuries on both sides reached dozens, and some important city buildings were damaged. With the conquest of Tehran, Mohammad Ali Shah sought refuge in the Russian embassy, effectively ending his reign. Following this event, the National Consultative Assembly was re-established and constitutionalism in Iran was consolidated. The event is recognized as one of the most significant achievements of the Constitutional Revolution and played a crucial role in the development of modern political and legal institutions in Iran. The entry of constitutionalist forces into Tehran on Mordad 25, 1288, marked the beginning of a new era in Iranian history, characterized by efforts to establish the rule of law and limit absolute monarchical power. This event is annually commemorated by some cultural and historical groups and holds a prominent place in the literature of modern Iranian history. This date was officially included in the national calendar of events after the Constitutional Revolution, following decisions by constitutionalist leaders and the National Consultative Assembly, as a symbol of the movement’s victory.
